Guillain-Barre Syndrome (GBS)

Symptoms of GBS can develop rapidly and typically include:

• Muscle weakness or paralysis that begins in the legs and can progress to the arms and upper body
• Tingling or numbness in the extremities
• Loss of reflexes
• Difficulty with facial movements, speech, and swallowing
• Breathing difficulties
• Pain, especially in the legs and back

In severe cases, GBS can lead to paralysis of the entire body, requiring mechanical ventilation to support breathing. Diagnosis of GBS typically involves a physical exam, nerve function tests, and imaging studies.

Treatment of GBS aims to reduce symptoms, prevent complications, and promote recovery. This may include medications such as immunoglobulin therapy or plasma exchange, which remove the harmful antibodies from the blood.

Rehabilitation therapy may also be helpful in restoring muscle strength and function. Most people with GBS eventually recover, although the recovery process can take several months to a year. Some people may experience residual weakness or other long-term complications.