Symptoms of COPD may include:
- Shortness of breath, especially during physical activity
- Wheezing
- Chest tightness
- Chronic cough that produces mucus
- Fatigue
- Frequent respiratory infections
Diagnosis of COPD may involve lung function tests, chest X-ray or CT scan, and blood tests to rule out other conditions.
Treatment of COPD may include:
- Lifestyle modifications: Making lifestyle changes such as quitting smoking, avoiding irritants, and exercising regularly can help slow the progression of COPD and improve symptoms.
- Medications: Various medications may be used to treat COPD, such as bronchodilators, steroids, and phosphodiesterase-4 inhibitors.
- Oxygen therapy: In some cases, supplemental oxygen may be necessary to help improve breathing.
- Pulmonary rehabilitation: This program includes exercise, breathing techniques, and education about managing COPD to improve lung function and reduce symptoms.
- Surgery: Certain surgical procedures, such as lung volume reduction surgery or lung transplant, may be considered for severe cases of COPD.
